Modern slavery in China: Global Slavery Index 2023 Country Study

China’s central role in global production is a cause for concern as exports from China are increasingly at risk of being tainted by state-imposed forced labour. Since 2018, evidence of forced labour of Uyghur and other Turkic and Muslim majority peoples has emergedin the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Uyghur Region). Forced labour imposed by private actors is also reported, in addition to forced marriage and organ trafficking, with vulnerability primarily driven by discriminatory government practices. While China demonstrated some efforts to tackle modern slavery through sustained coordination at the national and regional levels – including by adopting a new national action plan for 2021 to 20303 – its overall response is critically undermined by the use of state-imposed forced labour.

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