Of the many criticisms of China from the Donald Trump administration, those on forced technology transfer have been among the fiercest. It is a chronic and prevalent problem that Beijing uses “a variety of tools” to pressure the transfer of technologies to Chinese companies, the United States argues, and more tolerance of it would cause heavier losses to the US, especially with Beijing pursuing world dominance in many industries. The Chinese government has rejected such accusations both publicly and in government-to-government communications.