China faces at least five challenges in its campaign for international discourse power, all of which are the major issues that may obstruct what China seeks. First, there is the notion of an “original sin” inherent in a rising China. This preconceived bias views China’s rise as a heterodoxy that naturally brings uncertainty and instability to the Western-dominated system, and tends to despise the prevailing values in the West. It is in view of this, China must seek, and actually has been seeking, more commonalities, for example by providing more international public goods, in its international activities. For China, the ultimate truth may disprove the “original sin” theory.
