In the fall of 1988, when I was working in Beijing for the scholarly exchange office of the US National Academy of Sciences, my friend Orville Schell asked if I would like to meet Fang Lizhi and his wife, Li Shuxian. Fang had been expelled from the Communist Party a year earlier, and I had admired his trenchant speeches on human rights and democracy;
of course I wanted to meet him.
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